Seed Potatoes

  • To successfully plant and grow potatoes, follow these steps:
  • Select Seed Potatoes: Choose certified seed potatoes from a reputable source; a local supplier provides ours. These are disease-free and meant explicitly for planting.
  • Prepare the Soil: Potatoes thrive in well-drained, loose soil with a pH of 5.0 to 7.0. Before planting, till the soil to a depth of about 12 inches and mix in organic matter like compost to improve soil fertility and drainage.
  • Cut and Cure Seed Potatoes: If your seed potatoes are large, cut them into pieces, ensuring each piece has at least one or two eyes (sprouts). Allow the cut pieces to cure for a few days in a cool, dry place to form a protective layer over the cut surfaces, which helps prevent rot.
  • Planting: Plant the seed potatoes in early spring, once the soil temperature reaches at least 45°F (7°C). Dig trenches about 6-8 inches deep and place the seed pieces cut side down, 12 inches apart, with rows about 3 feet apart. Cover them with 3-4 inches of soil.
  • Hilling: As the potato plants grow, periodically mound soil around the base of the plants (hilling) to protect the developing tubers from sunlight, which can cause them to turn green and become toxic.
  • Watering: Potatoes need consistent moisture, especially during tuber formation. Water them regularly if the soil is dry, ensuring it remains moist but not soggy.
  • Fertilization: Use a balanced fertilizer or one high in potassium to support tuber development. Avoid excessive nitrogen, leading to lush foliage but poor tuber growth.
  • Pest and Disease Management: Monitor for common pests like potato beetles and diseases such as blight. Use appropriate organic or chemical controls as needed.
  • Harvesting: Potatoes are ready to harvest when the foliage begins to yellow and die back. Carefully dig up the tubers, taking care not to damage them.
  • Storage: To toughen the skins of the harvested potatoes, cure them in a cool, dark, and well-ventilated area for a couple of weeks. Store them in a cool, dark place to prolong their shelf life.

By following these steps, you can successfully grow a healthy crop of potatoes.